Periodontal disease burden and metabolic syndrome among community-dwelling older adults in Indonesia: a cross-sectional study

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the association between periodontal disease and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in older adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 122 older adults aged ≥ 60 years living in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Periodontal disease was assessed based on the number of sites of probing pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL). Five MetS components were assessed: obesity, elevated blood pressure, dyslipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and hyperglycemia. Older adults with abdominal obesity and at least two additional positive components were classified as having MetS. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association between periodontal disease and MetS, after adjusting for covariates. Results: Twenty-three percent of the participants had three or more positive MetS components. A greater number of sites with PPD ≥ 4 mm and CAL ≥ 9 mm was significantly associated with MetS (p