Italian Journal of Anatomy and Embryology - contenuto non piu disponibile

The study aimed to provide quantitative information about gender-related normative data and growth changes between childhood and young adulthood in the soft tissue facial profiles of Northern Sudanese individuals. The three dimensional coordinates of 50 landmarks on the facial soft tissues were obtained using a hand-held laser scanner in 654 healthy Northern Sudanese subjects (327 males and 327 females) aged 4-30 years. The subjects were divided into 8 nonoverlapping age groups [1]. From selected landmarks, 15 facial angles were calculated and averaged for gender and age: upper, middle, and lower facial, and mandibular corpus convexities in the horizontal plane; relative position of the exocanthia and nasion; facial convexity in the sagittal plane; midfacial to mandibular plane, nasal convexity, nasolabial, mentolabial, interlabial, maxillary prominence, and left and right gonial angles. Comparisons were performed by factorial analysis of variance. On average men had larger facial and mandibular corpus convexities in the horizontal plane than women (ANOVA, p