Impact evaluation endline report for FP026: Sustainable Landscapes in Eastern Madagascar

This report presents an impact evaluation of GCF project FP026 - Sustainable Landscapes in Eastern Madagascar project. The impact evaluation uses difference-in-differences with matching, analysing panel data from 1,603 households surveyed in 2019 and 2025. The endline shows reductions in deforestation, a transition toward year-round farming systems, and higher agricultural incomes driven by promoted crops. Yet, sustaining complex conservation practices remains a challenge, particularly among female-headed households. Triple difference analysis indicates participants were more resilient during the 2022 cyclone due to more diversified livelihoods.