Kazakh Etiquette in the Works of Russian Researchers (of the ХVIII–XIX centuries)

This article examines the features of Kazakh etiquette recorded in the works of Russian scholars of the 18th-19th centuries, during the period of active exploration and study of Asian Russia.It also considers the set of norms governing women's etiquette in traditional Kazakh society, which are reflected in the works of Russian researchers and aimed at regulating the social status, role obligations, and behavioral models of Kazakh women within the family and clan environment.Ethnographic interest in the peoples of the steppe region contributed to the accumulation of an extensive body of observations that captured behavioral norms, hospitality customs, greeting rituals, as well as Kazakh wedding and funeral rites.Special attention is paid to the analysis of descriptions presented in the works of authors such as A.I. Levshin, V.V. Radlov, P.I.Rychkov, and others.Based on comparative analysis, the study identifies differences in the interpretation of Kazakh traditions, shaped both by the individual perspectives of the researchers and by the socio-political context of the era.The article employs an interdisciplinary approach, combining methods of historical and ethnographic analysis, which makes it possible to gain a deeper understanding of how perceptions of Kazakh etiquette were formed in pre-revolutionary Russian scholarship.The study highlights the significance of early ethnographic sources as valuable material for contemporary ethnological and cultural studies discourse, and contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of the cultural distinctiveness of the Kazakh people in historical retrospect.