An Assessment of the Implementation of Passive Fire Safety Measures in Selected Pentecostal Churches in Abuja, Nigeria

Fire hazard is a threat to lives and property. Field assessments based on national and international fire-safety standards have examined structural fire resistance, compartmentation, egress provisions, signage, corridor dimensions, and emergency-vehicle access, as well as post-occupancy maintenance. This study aims to assess the implementation of passive fire safety measures in three (3) selected churches within Abuja, Nigeria, to identify areas for further improvement. Findings revealed that all facilities feature fire-resistant walls, multiple exits, and wide corridors, indicating a basic commitment to occupant safety. However, none (0) have installed fire doors or smoke-control ducts, and critical elements such as muster points and fire signage are inconsistently provided, as two out of the three (2/3) churches have provided these muster points and two out of three (2/3) have provided fire signage. Compounding these deficiencies, blocked exits, wedged-open doors, and unsealed wall penetrations further undermined the performance of existing passive systems. To strengthen congregant safety and resilience in this type of facility, future church projects should have early integration of passive features, enforce routine third-party safety audits, deliver targeted training for church leadership and contractors, and ensure strict adherence to standards. These measures transform visually impressive worship spaces into safe environments capable of mitigating fire emergencies.