Prevalence and Determinants of Chronic Rhinosinusitis among Adults in the UAE in 2023

Introduction: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common chronic inflammatory condition of the paranasal sinuses and nasal mucosa, persisting for at least 12 weeks. It is characterized by nasal obstruction, discharge, facial pain, headache, and loss of smell. Diagnosis is based on symptoms supported by endoscopic or radiologic findings. CRS is influenced by multiple factors including allergies, infections, structural variations, and environmental exposures. Objectives: This study aimed to (1) determine the prevalence of CRS among adults in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), and (2) identify associated risk factors. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 350 adult participants in the UAE. Data on demographics, medical history, environmental exposures, and lifestyle factors were collected using a structured questionnaire. CRS was defined based on clinical criteria, and associations with potential determinants were analyzed using statistical tests with significance set at < 0.05. Results: The prevalence of CRS was 14.9%. Significant associated factors included income, nasal allergies, asthma, rhinitis, residence or workplace proximity to construction/industrial sites, use of an air humidifier/purifier, pet ownership, personal nasal problems, and family history of CRS ( < 0.05). Conclusions: CRS prevalence among UAE adults is high but slightly lower than estimates from other Middle Eastern populations. The findings highlight the role of environmental exposures (construction sites, pets), comorbid allergic/respiratory conditions, and genetic predisposition in CRS development. These determinants underscore the need for public health strategies addressing both environmental and medical risk factors.