Effectiveness of Syndromic Management in Maternal Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Preeclampsia Prevention and Risk Evaluation

Background: Preeclampsia remains a major contributor to maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Early detection and appropriate management strategies are essential to improve maternal outcomes. Syndromic management, which integrates clinical signs and symptoms for timely intervention, has gained attention as a practical approach in maternal health. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of syndromic management in preventing preeclampsia and supporting risk evaluation among pregnant women. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Relevant articles published between 2019 and 2025 were retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The search initially identified 1,421 records. After screening and applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 12 studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in the final analysis. Data extraction focused on intervention strategies, maternal health outcomes, and risk evaluation measures. Effect sizes were calculated using random-effects models. Results: The pooled analysis demonstrated that syndromic management significantly reduced the risk of preeclampsia among pregnant women (pooled RR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.60–0.85, p < 0.001). Syndromic approaches also improved the accuracy of maternal risk evaluation, with moderate heterogeneity across studies (I²=42%). Subgroup analyses indicated consistent benefits across diverse populations and healthcare settings. Conclusions: Syndromic management is an effective and evidence-based strategy for preeclampsia prevention and risk evaluation in maternal health. Its integration into routine antenatal care may contribute to reducing adverse maternal outcomes and strengthening maternal health systems globally.