High-efficiency perovskite solar cells: dual-absorber design featuring embedded core–shell plasmonic nanoparticles

This work demonstrates a high-efficiency perovskite solar cell (PSC) architecture achieving a 29.2% power conversion efficiency (PCE) through a novel, to our knowledge, dual-enhancement strategy. We combined a stacked dual-absorber design, Cs 0.2 FA 0.8 Pb(I 0.7 Br 0.3 ) 3 /MASnI 3 , with dual-layer plasmonic integration of spherical core–shell Ag nanoparticles (NPs). The resulting 29.2% PCE ( J sc =36.3mAcm −2 ) represents a significant improvement over the 25.9% PCE of the dual-absorber stack alone and the 22.0% PCE of a conventional single-junction baseline. This approach, which extends beyond conventional single-junction plasmonics, is supported by accurate three-dimensional finite-element (3D-FEM) optical–electrical modeling. The results indicate a practical and scalable pathway for thin-film PSCs to outperform conventional single-absorber designs while reducing material consumption.