Off-axis aberration reduction in peripheral defocus spectacles using a moiré superlattice-based microlens array

Off-axis aberrations degrade peripheral retinal image quality, yet the aberrations introduced by the spectacle lens itself are controllable. This study proposes a new, to the best of our knowledge, microlens array design inspired by moiré superlattices to reduce induced astigmatism and improve peripheral image quality while maintaining therapeutic myopic defocus. Combined with the Atchison eye model, simulations demonstrate that, compared to defocus incorporated multiple segments (DIMS) lenses, our design reduces the maximum vectorial astigmatism (C ′ ) from −5.63 to −4.42D under static conditions. During 15° eye rotation, the MTFA value of the Type-III lens at the 20 cy/mm spatial frequency is elevated by 0.155 compared to the DIMS lens, while at 25° rotation, central C ′ is optimized from −3.77 to −2.52D.