Binocular holographic near-eye 3D display based on optimized band-limited polarization-multiplexing

To alleviate visual fatigue caused by the vergence–accommodation conflict (VAC) in conventional near-eye displays, we propose a compact binocular holographic display architecture based on a single phase-only spatial light modulator (SLM). A customized frequency-domain polarization multiplexing mask integrated into a 4 -f optical relay enables physical separation of the two viewing channels, allowing independent wavefront reconstruction of two viewpoints. In addition, a dual channel band-limited polarization-multiplexed optimization framework with a 39.77% spectral utilization ratio is employed to generate multi-depth holographic 3D images with accurate focus cues. Both numerical simulations and optical experiments demonstrate high-fidelity reconstruction with a peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) up to 28.08 dB and a structural similarity index (SSIM) up to 0.9608, validating the feasibility of the proposed system for compact next-generation AR/VR holographic displays.