Analysis and Calibration of Multi-target Simulation System for Integrated Navigation Ground Testing

Existing ground physical simulation equipment often fails to meet the stringent performance requirements of integrated navigation systems. To address this, a system utilizing multiple discretely distributed target simulators combined with a three-axis turntable is employed to replicate spacecraft on-orbit conditions. The impact mechanisms of optical axis misalignment on energy acquisition, effective observation area, and navigation attitude error are analyzed. A spatial reference is established, and a calibration method based on infinity star point imaging and lens center reflection auto-collimation is proposed. Additionally, a system error model is developed for sensitivity analysis. Experimental results demonstrate an optical axis attitude alignment accuracy better than 7.5″and a positional accuracy better than 15 µm, effectively overcoming alignment constraints in confined spaces and ensuring the precise construction and reliability of the ground semi-physical simulation platform.