Monolithic scalable compliant mechanisms
Abstract
Scaling a physical device's geometry results in mechanical properties changing in various ways (e.g. the cubed-squared law states that for a scaling factor C, mass scales with C3 and surface area with C2). These scaling effects can result in a device's inconsistent and unplanned mechanical behavior when varying its fabricated size, thereby necessitating unique designs at different scales. We show that for displacement-driven compliant mechanisms, mechanical stress is uniquely invariant with scale. This effect is described theoretically, verified through computer models and physical testing, and is demonstrated in three examples: a parallel-guiding mechanism, a projectile launcher, and a deployable chair. This enhanced understanding of stress invariance provides innovative insight into the way devices can be designed for systems that operate across different scales.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Advanced Materials and Mechanics
Piezoelectric Actuators and Control
Soft Robotics and Applications
Publication details
- Journal / source
- PLoS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- e0340272–e0340272
- Publication date
- 21 January 2026
- Language
- EN