Wpływ temperatury na wskaźniki kiełkowania odpornych i wrażliwych na herbicydy biotypów miotły zbożowej (Apera spica-venti)

Silky bentgrass (Apera spica-venti) is one of winter wheat most serious and widespread grass weeds, particularly in Central Europe. Populations of this weed have developed herbicide resistance. This study aimed to assess the effect of temperature on the seed germination indices of seven resistant populations of silky bentgrass biotypes, representing groups 1, 2, and 3, on HRAC/WSSA compared to two susceptible biotypes. Two series of Petri dish experiments were performed at three constant temperatures: 8, 18, and 28°C, with a day/night photoperiod of 10/14 h. Six germination indices were calculated based on daily germination measurements. The results revealed that temperature affects the germination of sensitive and resistant A. spica-venti biotypes. Bentgrass germination occurred best at 18 and 28°C. This finding proves the similarities between resistant and susceptible biotypes in response to temperature. No clear connection was found between the type of herbicide resistance (single, cross or multiple) and the germination (expressed by the germination indices) of the tested A. spica-venti biotypes.