Optimal serum 25(OH)D levels in relation to musculoskeletal, metabolic, neurological, autoimmune and infectious diseases

This article presents an overview of current research on determining target blood levels of vitamin D. It examines the biochemical and metabolic properties of vitamin D, as well as the challenges of standardizing 25(OH)D measurements and the variability of threshold values across populations. It discusses ambiguities in scientific data and the need to consider individual factors when interpreting vitamin D levels. This review is unique in its comprehensive approach to analyzing the effects of vitamin D not only on bone health but also on immune and metabolic functions, which broadens ever evolving understanding of the clinical significance of vitamin D. This work emphasizes the importance of personalized recommendations for vitamin D dosing and prescription based on current clinical data and scientific standards. Performed analysis highlights the need for personalized vitamin D supplementation to reach and maintain blood levels between 30 and 60 ng/mL, noting that higher levels might be necessary for people with genetic or acquired resistance. These insights substantiate the development of evidence-based, personalized clinical strategies for the prevention and treatment of vitamin D deficiency-related disorders. The synthesized data offer significant implications for advancing research and clinical practice in endocrinology, obstetrics, dermatology, neurology and immunology.