Pneumomediastinum Secondary to Pneumocystis jiroveciiPneumonia Revealing a Diagnosis of HIV Infection: A Case Report
Abstract
Pneumomediastinum refers to the presence of air in the mediastinum. It can arise from various etiologies, including trauma, esophageal perforation, infections, medical procedures, or underlying lung diseases. Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) is a Common opportunistic infection seen in immunocompromised individuals, especially those with HIV/AIDS. Pneumomediastinum is a rare but serious complication of PJP that occurs in immunosuppressed patients, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. We present a rare case of pneumomediastinum caused by P. jirovecii in a patient discovered newly to have an HIV infection.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Pneumothorax
Barotrauma
Emphysema
Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
Publication details
- Journal / source
- International Journal of Medicine
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 11–13
- Publication date
- 2 January 2026