Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Formulated Phytosome Containing Trikatu Extract: Modernisation of Traditional Medicines

Conventional drug administration methods are often limited by unpredictable release profiles and non-specific distribution, resulting in reduced therapeutic efficacy and increased adverse effects. To address these challenges, a novel drug delivery system utilising phytosomes has been developed to enable controlled release at targeted sites. Phytosomes offer superior drug encapsulation, enhanced stability, and improved bioavailability. In this study, trikatu phytosomes were prepared using the thin film hydration technique, and their particle size and polydispersity index (PDI) were evaluated. The optimised phytosome batch underwent in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory assessments. The physicochemical parameters were found to be within acceptable limits, while phytochemical analysis confirmed the presence of carbohydrates, proteins, alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, steroids, and triterpenoids. FTIR analysis indicated compatibility between the extract and excipients. The prepared phytosomes demonstrated significant antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 18.77 µg/ml, compared to the standard IC50 of 5.76 µg/ml. Additionally, the formulation exhibited notable anti-inflammatory activity based on percent inhibition results. These findings suggest that trikatu phytosomes hold considerable promise as an effective therapeutic agent with potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.