Perovskite Image Sensors for Multispectral Detection and Extreme Environment Applications

Multispectral imaging in extreme environments is critical for missions ranging from industrial inspection and biomedical diagnostics to near‑space situational awareness and planetary exploration, where discrimination of spectral signatures under harsh temperatures, vacuum, and radiation is essential. Conventional imagers, often reliant on filter layers and silicon-based stacks, suffer from low efficiency, high refractive index, narrow spectral tunability, and complex integration. Metal halide perovskites combine broadband optical tunability, low-temperature solution and vapor processability, high photoelectric conversion efficiency, and architectural versatility, positioning them as a compelling platform for next‑generation imaging spanning the ultraviolet (UV) to near-infrared (NIR) spectrum and operating beyond conventional environmental limits. This thesis advances perovskite imaging by uniting three complementary capabilities into a cohesive materials–device–reliability framework: a flexible, self-powered, visible‑blind UV wearable platform enabled by halide-exchanged perovskites that delivers selective sensing with mechanical robustness and long-term stability. Building on these materials and architectural insights, an avian‑inspired monolithic tetrachromatic all‑inorganic perovskite image sensor that integrates compact spectral discrimination across UV, blue, green, and red (RGB) channels and operates reliably from low to high temperatures in air and vacuum. Finally, closing the loop between device design and deployment: a systematic study of degradation and failure mechanisms, a systematic investigation of degradation and failure mechanisms under ground‑simulated near‑Earth conditions, and the establishment of dominant pathways and mitigation strategies that inform composition control, interface engineering, diffusion barriers, and encapsulation strategies. These contributions demonstrate scalable fabrication, compact integration, and environmental resilience across body‑worn to extreme‑condition imagers, charting a coherent path toward practical, multispectral perovskite sensors for harsh-environment applications.