Application of Slow-released Materials in Wastewater Treatment for Surface Water Bodies

This study addresses critical issues in current water remediation technologies, such as the poor mechanical strength of microbial immobilization carriers, the short-lived efficacy of chemical remediation agents, and the inability to achieve synergistic treatment of multiple pollutants. A sustainable remediation material system integrating "bioaugmentation" and "controlled chemical release" was proposed and developed. The research first constructed a composite carrier of "bamboo‑charcoal porous framework–sodium alginate gel," which significantly enhanced the mechanical stability and long‑term nitrogen‑removal performance of the immobilized microorganisms. Subsequently, an innovative stearic‑acid coating technology was employed to regulate the reaction kinetics of calcium peroxide, leading to the development of two types of sustained‑release materials for continuous oxygenation and efficient phosphorus removal, respectively. This enabled the controlled release of oxygen and calcium ions. Finally, the above functional modules were integrated and validated through engineering applications in actual aquaculture water bodies, forming a flexibly configurable synergistic remediation solution. This work not only provides novel materials and methodologies for the in‑situ remediation of complex aquatic environments but also successfully bridges the entire pathway from laboratory innovation to engineering practice. It holds significant practical value for advancing green aquaculture and managing eutrophication in water bodies.