Speech Summaries

Today, a "fourth wave" of psychotherapy is gaining prominence: transdiagnostic, process-based models.These approaches focus not on diagnostic categories but on shared underlying mechanisms present across multiple disorderssuch as emotional avoidance, attentional biases, behavioral inflexibility, and unhelpful coping patterns.The therapeutic target is shifting from the disorder to the process itself.Fourth-wave models aim to integrate cognitive, behavioral, and third-wave principles into a unified, flexible framework that facilitates more personalized interventions.Emerging research increasingly supports the clinical effectiveness of these process-focused approaches.