Cyber-physical systems integration for effective e-government communication in Malaysia

Cyber-physical systems (CPSs) bridge physical and digital processes, offering transformative potential for e-government. This study investigates CPS-social media integration in Malaysian Government agencies, proposing a framework grounded in ten critical CPS characteristics. By engaging 30 participants across four ministries, findings revealed that CPS integration enhances real-time data analytics, scalable infrastructure, and secure interoperability, addressing fragmented communication and privacy risks. Key advancements include AI-driven insights, user-friendly interfaces, and policy compliance, improving operational efficiency and crisis responsiveness. Remarkably, 83.3% of participants endorsed CPS for streamlining decision-making, and 76.7% highlighted its role in crisis management - capabilities unattainable via traditional tools. The framework mitigates infrastructural and skill barriers, positioning CPS as pivotal for modernising Malaysia's e-governance. By aligning with national digital goals, it fosters public trust through ethical, data-driven governance. These insights offer actionable pathways for policymakers to prioritise CPS adoption, ensuring equitable service delivery.