NOX1 gene expression and hormonal alteration in hypothyroidism-associated female infertility

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the association of NOX1 gene expression with reproductive hormonal changes in hypothyroid infertile women and assess their diagnostic performance. METHODS: A case-control study was conducted among 150 infertile women with hypothyroidism and 150 healthy age-matched fertile controls. Hormonal (FSH, LH, prolactin) and molecular (NOX1 expression) parameters were measured using standardized assays including qRT-PCR. Group comparisons, Spearman's correlation analyses, scatterplot visualizations, and ROC curve evaluations were conducted to determine associations and diagnostic performance. RESULTS: Hypothyroid infertile women exhibited significantly elevated FSH (19.9 ± 7.5 mIU/mL), LH (20.0 ± 7.6 mIU/mL), prolactin (21.9 ± 8.4 ng/mL), and TSH (7.2 ± 1.8 µIU/mL), along with reduced T3 (0.82 ± 0.21 ng/mL) and T4 (5.1 ± 1.2 μg/dL) compared to controls (p