Exploratory randomized pilot study of written diaphragmatic breathing instructions vs. a biofeedback device for upper abdominal pain
Abstract
Objectives: Conventional therapies for chronic upper abdominal pain are often ineffective. The objective of this exploratory pilot study was to investigate the effect of brief daily breathing exercises on pain severity. Methods: Adults were randomized to written diaphragmatic breathing instructions (WIDB) or a respiratory biofeedback device (Calmigo). Participants performed 3-min exercises thrice daily for 6 weeks. Pain severity (0-4 scale) was assessed weekly. Results: 85 participants were randomized (WIDB n=36, Calmigo n=49). Linear mixed models showed significant pain reduction over time in both groups (β=-0.42 to -0.87, p
Fields of Study & Subjects
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
Cardiovascular Syncope and Autonomic Disorders
Publication details
- Journal / source
- Open Medicine
- Publisher
- Walter de Gruyter GmbH
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 20261428–20261428
- Publication date
- 1 January 2026
- Language
- EN