Cambio de uso del suelo e intensificación de la vulnerabilidad climática en zonas costeras: un enfoque geoespacial en el sureste mexicano

This research analyzes land cover changes and their relationship with climate vulnerability in coastal Tabasco, Mexico, through a multi-temporal study (1994-2023) using Landsat images and GIS. Results reveal a significant transformation: 42% reduction in mangroves, 210% increase in human settlements, and conversion of 755.5 ha of grasslands to industrial (hydrocarbon) zones. This increases local vulnerability to flooding and the loss of key ecosystem services, such as water regulation and carbon sequestration. The supervised classification showed an accuracy of 85.5%-85.8%, confirming accelerated changes: +11.01% per year in industry and +6.08% in settlements. Findings highlight the need for policies that integrate land-use planning with climate adaptation, ecological corridors, and environmental impact assessments. The data underscore the urgent need to preserve coastal ecosystems to mitigate climate risks in contexts of anthropogenic pressure.