Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of Ozone Pollution and Sensitivity Analysis of Its Influencing Factors in Hangzhou

In recent years, ozone (O 3 ) pollution in Hangzhou has become increasingly prevalent, posing a significant threat to public health and the ecological environment.This study investigated the spatiotemporal characteristics and sensitivity of ozone pollution in Hangzhou by analyzing monitoring data collected from 2018 to 2022 at 12 monitoring stations.The dataset included ozone concentrations, meteorological parameters, and pollutant information.The results show that:(1) The spatiotemporal distribution of ozone concentrations is characterized by a spatial pattern where concentrations are lower in the west and higher in the east.The monthly variation displays a bimodal pattern with peaks occurring in late spring and summer, while the diurnal variation demonstrates a unimodal pattern peaking in the afternoon.Higher ozone concentrations were consistently recorded during weekends in contrast to weekdays.(2) Sensitivity analysis demonstrated that higher temperatures and reduced NO 2 concentrations significantly facilitated ozone formation, whereas high relative humidity (>55%) suppressed this process; PM 2.5 concentrations demonstrated ozone-promoting effects within the range of 11-40 µg/m 3 , while its impact plateaued when concentrations exceeded 77 µg/m 3 .This study provides scientific evidence to support precise prevention and control strategies for ozone pollution in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province.