Características clínicas, imagenológicas y etiología de la hemorragia intracerebral espontánea en un hospital de referencia en Perú

Background. Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the most lethal and disabling form of cerebrovascular disease. Objective. To describe the clinical, imaging, and etiological characteristics of patients with ICH at the Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen National Hospital (HNGAI). Methods. We conducted a descriptive observational study at HNGAI between January and December 2024. We included patients aged ≥18 years with a diagnosis confirmed by clinical evaluation and brain computed tomography. Traumatic hemorrhages and cases with incomplete information were excluded. Results. 97 patients were included, most of whom were men aged over 66 years. The most frequent comorbidity was hypertension (62.9%). Neurological motor deficit was present in 76.3% of cases. The predominant location was lobar (46.4%), and the most frequent etiology was hypertension (52.6%), followed by cerebral amyloid angiopathy and cerebral vascular malformations. Discussion. The findings confirm the central role of hypertension in ICH. The high frequency of lobar hemorrhages suggests a possible contribution of cerebral amyloid angiopathy in older patients.