A base representation-linkage frame for historicmethodological analysis of fundamental chemical concepts

This study presents a novel methodological framework for analyzing the historical evolution of fundamental chemical concepts (element, compound, reaction) by transforming the Triplet Model of concepts into the Triad model. It posits that any scientific concept can be analyzed as consisting of three interconnected subsystems: (1) the Base (the domain of referential entities), (2) the Representation (symbolic and linguistic systems), and (3) the Linkage (procedural and explanatory relationships). The last has components of three types: Empirical-Technical, Explanatory-Theoretical, and Institutional-Social. The aim is to in-depth analyze three historical case studies, while referencing recent developments in the philosophy of chemistry. Methods. The paper uses comparative methods of reading and interpreting authentic texts, combined with their deconstruction. The main result is putting forward an innovative and thought-provoking perspective on the historical case studies in question. Conclusions. The study is of a historical- scientific and theoretical-cognitive nature, and the results obtained can be applied in research on the history and philosophy of science, as well as in the teaching of natural science disciplines.