Social stories as a support tool for children with autism spectrum disorder following distressing medical procedures – case studies

Performing medical procedures in patients with autism spectrum disorder is associated with a high risk of intensified stress reactions. Difficulties in adapting to the requirements of medical care often lead to the use of physical restraint, which in the long term may increase anxiety and aversion toward medical staff. The aim of this paper is to present three case studies of children with autism spectrum disorder who experienced negative consequences of restraint during medical procedures and to discuss the therapeutic use of narrative strategies (social stories). Personalised narratives helped patients reorganise traumatic experiences, resulting in reduced anxiety and improved daily functioning. Clinical observations indicate that narrative strategies are a justified and effective method for minimising the negative effects of medical experiences. The article emphasises adherence to ethical standards of care, including proactive preparation of children and medical staff, and highlights the need for further research on effective communication with autism spectrum disorder patients.