Cost-optimized placement of energy storage in renewable networks

Abstract Massive investments in renewable energy, like solar power, are challenged by the variability of their production, which threatens grid stability. Energy storage is a critical technology for ensuring a reliable supply. This article presents a cost-optimization model for strategically placing storage to minimize total annual costs, encompassing installation, operation, and transmission. A case study in Miskolc, Hungary, reveals that transmission costs are comparable to installation costs, validating the integrated optimization approach for achieving economic viability.