Interim Estimates of 2025–26 Seasonal Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness — United States, September 2025–February 2026

MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 2026 Open access

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Authors: Patrick Maloney, Emily L. Reeves, Kristina Wielgosz, Ashley M. Price, Karthik Natarajan, Malini B. DeSilva, Kristin Dascomb, Nicola P. Klein, Sara Y. Tartof, Stephanie A. Irving, Shaun J. Grannis, Toan C. Ong
+83 more Zachary A. Weber, Jennifer E. Schuster, Danielle M. Zerr, Marian G. Michaels, Julie A. Boom, Natasha B. Halasa, Mary A. Staat, Geoffrey A. Weinberg, Stacey L. House, Elie Saade, Krissy Moehling Geffel, Manjusha Gaglani, Karen J. Wernli, Vel Murugan, Emily T. Martin, Natalie A. B. Bontrager, Marie K. Kirby, Amanda B. Payne, Fatimah S. Dawood, Ayzsa Tannis, Heidi L. Moline, Sifang Kathy Zhao, Katherine Adams, Jennifer DeCuir, Samantha M. Olson, Jessie R. Chung, Nathaniel M. Lewis, Brendan Flannery, Carrie Reed, Shikha Garg, Sascha Ellington, CDC Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Collaborators, CDC Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Collaborators, Omobosola Akinsete, Sarah W. Ball, Michelle A. Barron, Daniel Bride, Brian E. Dixon, John Hansen, David Mayer, Charlene McEvoy, Allison L. Naleway, Varsha Neelam, Caitlin Ray, Colin Rogerson, S. Bianca Salas, Tamara Sheffield, Lina S. Sy, Duck‐Hye Yang, Ousseny Zerbo, Tara Curley, Kiran A. Faryar, Joanna L. Kramer, Jay Krishnan, Taylor Kristicevich, Aleda M. Leis, Amanda McKillop, Lora Nordstrom, Leah Odame-Bamfo, Ivana A. Vaughn, Emmanuel B. Walter, Elizabeth Wettick, Brianna Wickersham, Olivia L. Williams, Brian D. Williamson, Richard K. Zimmerman, Haris M. Ahmad, Christina Albertin, Vasanthi Avadhanula, James D. Chappell, Juliana DaSilva, Janet A. Englund, Megan C. Freeman, Lisa M. Keong, Eileen J. Klein, Mary E. Moffatt, Daniel C. Payne, Leila C. Sahni, Elizabeth P. Schlaudecker, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Laura S. Stewart, Peter G. Szilagyi, John K. Williams
DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7509a2
Cited by: 17
References: 9

Abstract

In the United States, annual influenza vaccination has been recommended for all persons aged ≥6 months, including during the 2025-26 season. Interim influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) estimates were calculated for patients with acute respiratory illness-associated outpatient visits and hospitalizations from three U.S. respiratory virus VE networks during the 2025-26 influenza season, using a test-negative case-control design. Among children and adolescents aged

Fields of Study & Subjects

Influenza Virus Research Studies Respiratory viral infections research Virology and Viral Diseases

Publication details

Journal / source
MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
Publisher
Centers for Disease Control MMWR Office
Volume
75
Issue
9
Pages
116–123
Publication date
12 March 2026
Language
EN