INTEGRATING ECOSYSTEM SERVICES AND RISK TO OPTIMIZE ECOLOGICAL SECURITY PATTERNS IN TYPICAL ECOLOGICAL TRANSITION ZONES, CHINA

The ecological security of transition areas faces significant challenges due to the combined effects of climate change and human activities.As a typical ecological transition zone, Sichuan Province in China is highly sensitive to environmental changes.In response to the complexity of the region, this study uses multi-source data to conduct quantitative assessments of the supply capacity, ecological demand, and ecological risk of ecosystem service functions.By integrating widely applied models, the "supplydemand-risk" concept is incorporated into the traditional ecological security pattern framework, enabling multi-indicator synergistic analysis and optimization of ecological security patterns in ecological transition zones.The main results were as follows: pronounced east-west disparities exist in the ecological service supply and demand across Sichuan Province.Medium-level landscape ecological risk was predominantly distributed in the western mountainous areas, while high-level risk zones persisted in eastern urban construction land.Based on the distribution characteristics of ecological source areas, ecological corridors, and nodes in different regions, an optimized ecological spatial configuration called "Three zones, Three belts, and One cluster" was proposed.Within this framework, targeted ecological protection strategies were proposed to support sustainable ecological-social development and strengthen ecological security in transition zones.