Empirical Analysis of the Greiner Model in Family Businesses

This study critically analyzes the Greiner model's applicability to family businesses, addressing gaps in its empirical indicative support for the applicability, the sequential nature of its crises, and its relevance in developing countries. The research aims to provide insights for management and organizational development for sustaining family businesses. Using a non-probabilistic sample of 131 Brazilian family businesses, this quantitative research employed cluster analysis and confirmatory factor analysis to segment organizations into developmental stages. The study identified cumulative and overlapping crises across stages, challenging the deterministic assumption of sequential crises. Organizations exhibited varying adherence to developmental stages, particularly in early stages like creativity and direction. Greiner's model remains a useful framework for understanding organizational growth, especially for family businesses. However, adjustments are needed to reflect non-linear crisis dynamics and diverse organizational environments. The research contributes by offering practical insights into improving management control and fostering sustainability.