Theoretical analysis of individual psychological prerequisites for emotional burnout in athletes under training loads

The article addresses the issue of emotional burnout in sports activity as a systemic psychophysiological state, determined by the interaction between external demands of the sports environment and stable individual psychological characteristics of the athlete. A theoretical analysis of contemporary research demonstrates a high prevalence of the syndrome (45-65% among professionals), highlighting the importance of identifying predisposing factors for vulnerability. The aim of the study is to systematize the individual psychological features that determine the development and manifestation specifics of emotional burnout in athletes. Based on an analysis of key theoretical models (K. Maslach, K. Cherniss, A. Pines) and the identified main personal predispositions to burnout—dysfunctional perfectionism, high neuroticism, external locus of control, and dominance of external motivation—the study emphasizes the particularities of burnout manifestations across different sports (individual, team, combat sports). This underscores the need for a differentiated approach to diagnosis. The results of the analysis confirm that individual psychological characteristics are significant prerequisites for burnout.