Finite element modeling of stress distribution and crack behavior in GFRC beams with different reinforcement types

Alternatives are needed because conventional reinforcement methods cannot meet modern structural and durability standards.Nonlinear finite element modeling will evaluate the flexural performance of glass fiber reinforced concrete (GFRC), full-scale beams reinforced with steel, FRP, or a hybrid.Billing stress distribution, crack propagation, plastic strain contours of the materials, energy dissipation, and deflections for each reinforcing type assessed the full-scale beams' flexural response and shear performance.The results showed that hybrid beams had the maximum capacity load of 28.1 kN, elongation capacity, and fracture control.Due to localized stress and yield loss, FRP reinforced beams failed catastrophically, while steel reinforced beams failed ductilely and moderately cracked throughout loading.Flexural and shear failure showed that hybrid reinforcement increased energy dissipation and delayed failure in all three trial beams that were analyzed for plastic strain profiles.The von-mises stress analysis showed that stress was lowered and cracking propagated with stress, although hybrid beams showed uniform distribution through composites.This research suggests that fiber reinforced polymer reinforcement with steel reinforcement is a rational, competitive, and beneficial reinforcement for GFRC beams because it distributes stress uniformly throughout the member and extends mechanical performance and life in shear and flexure.