Sustainable and Innovative Permeable Ceramic Pavements from Mineral Processing Waste

One of the solutions to flooding problems, especially in large cities, is the use of permeable pavements that can be produced using mineral waste, reducing costs and environmental impacts, and generating a circular economy. In this study, wastes from the exploitation and processing of kaolin, scheelite, and granite were used to produce ceramic permeable pavements. After characterization, the mineral wastes were mixed with a commercial red clay with samples uniaxially pressed (20 MPa) and sintered at 1050, 1100 and 1150 °C, with a heating rate of 5 °C/min. The formulations of kaolin processing residues sintered at 1050 °C and scheelite processing residues sintered at 1100 °C stand out with the highest porosity (close to 40%), high permeability (up to 7.42×10−4 m/s) and flexural strength ranging from 2.45 to 4MPa. These results emphasize the role of formulation parameters, highlighting the potential of ceramic permeable pavements as a high-performance, cost-effective, and sustainable solution.