A comparative analysis of surgical methods to eliminate gingival recession and jaw bone atrophy in patients after orthodontic treatment

Objective. Comparative analysis of surgical methods for treating generalized gingival recession with jaw bone deficiency. Materials and methods. A clinical and radiological examination and treatment of 16 patients (aged 25—45) with generalized gingival recession (Miller Class I—II, K06.00) following orthodontic treatment with bracket systems was conducted. Patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 (n=9) and group 2 (n=7). Treatment involved surgical correction of gingival recession using a connective tissue graft. In group 1, the guided bone regeneration (GBR) technique with soft tissue plastic surgery was applied. In group 2, a modified coronally advanced flap (CAF) was used. Assessment methods included periodontal probing, intraoral scanning (TRIOS 3Shape), cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), and photography. Results. In group 1, the mean percentage of gingival recession coverage was 95%, compared to 87% in group 2. Alveolar bone gain in group 1 patients was 96%, whereas group 2 exhibited bone atrophy of 12%. Conclusion. The guided bone regeneration procedure combined with a connective tissue graft enables stable and predictable outcomes in patients with gingival recession and bone atrophy following orthodontic treatment.