Diversité des Champignons Mycorhiziens à Arbuscules (CMA) dans les sols de Martinique dans un contexte de modèle du jardin créole antillais

As part of the DEPHY network, the CABioSol project led by FREDON Martinique aimed to design agroecosystems that make the most of functional soil biodiversity. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) were chosen as key biological auxiliaries. Over a three-year period, a study of their diversity was carried out on two sites with very contrasting soils and climates, using a Jardin Créole Antillais-type cropping system (SdC). The results show a rapid increase in spore numbers and mycorrhizal diversity from the first year with the SdC. At Sainte-Anne, where the soil is worked regularly, Glomus CMAs dominate, while at Les Oliviers, where the soil is less impacted, diversity is higher with Paraglomus and Diversisporales genera, which are indicators of stable soils. In addition, the results show that 29% of community structuring is influenced by the pedoclimatic context, with the remainder probably linked to the cropping system and the plants grown. This work demonstrates the value of agroecological practices such as the SDC Jardin Créole Antillais for enhancing local soil biodiversity.