Genomic DNA Extraction for Epigenetics Using Spin Columns v1

Genomic DNA was extracted from 100–300 mg of human knee tissues using bead-based mechanical homogenization in ATL lysis buffer, followed by proteinase K digestion to ensure complete tissue lysis of both soft and dense connective tissues. Lysates were processed through silica spin columns (DNeasy Blood & Tissue Kit), washed to remove contaminants, and eluted in Buffer AE, with optional RNase treatment to obtain RNA-free genomic DNA. This protocol yields high-quality, high-molecular-weight genomic DNA suitable for downstream molecular applications. The purified DNA demonstrates appropriate concentration and purity (A260/280 and A260/230 ratios within acceptable ranges) and is ready for epigenetic sequencing workflows, including bisulfite conversion and other methylation-based assays.