A Preliminary Study of the Korean Version of C-BARQ for Measuring Dog Behavioral Problems

This study aimed to evaluate the construct validity and applicability of the Korean-translated version of C-BARQ (S) as a measurement tool for assessing canine behavioral patterns in Korea.In total, 142 dog owners (78.2% female; average dog age 6.48 ± 4.27 years) from across Korea responded to the survey, which included 42 C-BARQ (S) items and demographic questions.After excluding two items with >25% missing responses and five inappropriately loaded items, exploratory factor analysis was conducted on 35 items, extracting 10 factorsenergy level, social aggression, social fear, owner-directed aggression, sensitivity, chasing, inappropriate elimination, excitability, trainability, and attachment/ attention-seeking-that together explained 71% of the variance.Cronbach's alpha for internal reliability was ≥0.70 for all but "excitability" (0.659).Logistic regression revealed: dogs under 2 years were 64.605 times more likely to show high energy level (OR = 64.61,CI = 5.72-729.81),small dogs (