Pengaruh Politik Terhadap Keselamatan Sempadan Darat Malaysia-Indonesia: Analisis Dari Perspektif GBC Malindo

Political developments between Malaysia and Indonesia, especially since independence, have witnessed fluctuations in their relationship, impacting border security cooperation. This article aims to analyse the political influences on the effectiveness of GBC Malindo, a border security cooperation platform established in 1972 to enhance security between the two countries. The various structures and political elites in Sabah and Sarawak, as well as the administrative complexities in West Kalimantan and East Kalimantan, can affect GBC Malindo’s effectiveness.The study employed a qualitative approach, gathering primary data through structured interviews with GBC Malindo officials from both countries. Document analysis included reports, brochures, and minutes of GBC Malindo meetings. The study found that political factors significantly contribute to strengthening GBC Malindo security cooperation. The role of political elites, particularly through the GBC Malindo chairmanship, influences cooperation direction and demonstrates continuous commitment to mitigating border security threats and enhancing security measures along the land border. However, political bureaucracy has created governance gaps within GBC Malindo, particularly concerning its structure and workflows.