Technological and therapeutic components of mobile digital interventions for chronic pain management in adults and their adaptability for people with blindness and low vision: a scoping review

Digital health technologies, including mobile applications and wearable devices, are increasingly used to support chronic pain management. These interventions are typically multi-component, combining therapeutic approaches (e.g., pain education, cognitive-behavioral strategies, mindfulness) with technological features (e.g., self-monitoring, feedback, sensors). Despite rapid growth in this field, the literature remains highly heterogeneous, and intervention components are often poorly described. Moreover, accessibility and inclusion of people with visual impairment are rarely considered. A scoping review is therefore appropriate to map the existing evidence, identify key components, explore patterns across outcomes, and highlight gaps related to equity and accessibility. The primary objective is to map technological and therapeutic components of mobile digital interventions for chronic pain management in adults. Secondary objectives include describing reported physical and psychological outcomes, exploring patterns between components and outcomes, assessing the potential adaptability of components for people with visual impairment, and identifying evidence gaps.