Logistical Feasibility Constraints in Old Kingdom Pyramid Construction: A Quantitative Assessment Using Construction Logistics Modelling

This study develops a quantitative logistics model to evaluate whether the documented environmental and infrastructural constraints of Fourth Dynasty Egypt are sufficient to sustain the workforce provisioning, material transport, and throughput rates implied by prevailing construction chronologies for the Great Pyramid of Giza. Using conservative parameter assumptions and sensitivity analysis, the paper evaluates cumulative resource demands, transport capacity, subsystem integration, and schedule slack under late third millennium BCE conditions. The study does not propose an alternative chronology but examines systemic feasibility within defined ecological and infrastructural boundary conditions. Copas, M. (2025). Environmental and Logistical Constraints in Old Kingdom Pyramid Construction: A Quantitative Reassessment of Feasibility. OSF Preprint. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/4F8TG