Post-tuberculosis lung disease: mapping of lesions and lung function impairment

This scoping review aims to map and synthesize the available evidence in the literature on post-tuberculosis pulmonary sequelae and their influence on pulmonary function. Although pulmonary tuberculosis has effective treatment and the possibility of microbiological cure, a significant proportion of individuals develop persistent structural alterations characteristic of the respiratory system, with a relevant clinical impact on ventilatory capacity and quality of life. The research question guiding this study is: How do post-tuberculosis pulmonary sequelae influence pulmonary function? The objective of the review is to map the main post-tuberculosis pulmonary sequelae and analyze their repercussions on pulmonary function, identifying the most frequently described functional patterns, such as obstructive, restrictive, or erroneous alterations, as well as the methods used for respiratory functional assessment. For this review, studies involving individuals over 15 years of age and both sexes with a previous history of treated pulmonary tuberculosis will be included, in which respiratory sequelae and their relationship with pulmonary function will be evaluated. Studies that include individuals with active pulmonary tuberculosis, associated pulmonary comorbidities, or immunosuppressive conditions will be excluded, as these constitute potential confounding factors in the analysis of functional outcomes. The search strategy will be conducted in the EMBASE, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases, using the descriptors Lung Tuberculosis, Pulmonary Tuberculosis, and Sequelae, combined according to the specificities of each database. This review will follow the methodological recommendations for scoping reviews, aiming to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge, identify gaps in the scientific literature, and support future research and clinical follow-up strategies for individuals with post-pulmonary tuberculosis sequelae.