Neural Interfaces for Speech and Communication in Humans: A Systematic Review of Brain Neuroprostheses

Brain-based neuroprosthetic research has expanded rapidly in recent years, driven by advances in neural interfaces, signal decoding, and machine learning. However, existing systematic reviews have largely focused on motor applications of brain–computer interfaces, such as limb control, rehabilitation robotics, and motor recovery after neurological injury. In contrast, neuroprosthetic systems specifically targeting speech and communication: functions that are central to autonomy, social participation, and quality of life, have not been comprehensively synthesised.