Can Digital Tools Breathe New Life into Calligraphy Education? A Thematic Review of Technology-Driven Innovations (2019–2024)

In the contemporary era of automation and digital ubiquity, calligraphy remains a cornerstone of cultural heritage, individual expression, and cognitive enrichment. Despite its global significance, the field lacks a cohesive pedagogical framework that integrates modern technological affordances. This study presents a systematic thematic review of literature published between 2019 and 2024, synthesizing current research into a comprehensive five-dimensional taxonomy: (1) robotic calligraphy synthesis, (2) calligraphy font recognition, (3) calligraphy evaluation, (4) educational applications, and (5) digital and visual systems. The findings elucidate how these technological drivers are reconfiguring the landscape of calligraphy pedagogy, balancing innovative efficiency with the preservation of artistic authenticity. By bridging traditional craftsmanship and cutting-edge methodologies, this research establishes a vital theoretical baseline for the ‘digital-calligraphy’ nexus and offers strategic directions for future pedagogical inquiry.