Differences and Similarities Between Classic Pilates and Clinical Pilates: A Scoping Review

This study aims to synthesize and map the scientific literature addressing the similarities and differences between Classical Pilates and Clinical (or Contemporary) Pilates. Originally developed by Joseph Pilates as a control-based therapeutic approach focused on the integration of body, mind, and spirit, the method has evolved over time through adaptations informed by advances in anatomy, physiology, and rehabilitation sciences. While Classical Pilates adheres strictly to the original principles and exercise structure, Clinical Pilates incorporates individualized, progressive, and evidence-based adaptations for health promotion and rehabilitation. Given the ongoing debate regarding whether these approaches constitute distinct modalities, this review seeks to clarify their conceptual, methodological, and practical distinctions, supporting informed decision-making in clinical and rehabilitative practice. Both classic and clinic Pilates methods can be effectively applied in clinical practice when practitioners respect the fundamental principles established by Joseph Pilates, ensuring safety and therapeutic efficacy. The Clinical Pilates offers greater flexibility for individualization based on patient assessment, clinical condition, and functional limitations, which may enhance adherence and optimize therapeutic outcomes in rehabilitation settings.