Effects of Exercise on Frailty Outcomes in People with Haematologic Malignancies Undergoing Cellular Therapies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate the effect of exercise on frailty outcomes in people with haematologic malignancies undergoing cellular therapies. Cellular therapies, such as haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy, are highly effective treatments for hematologic malignancies, yet they are associated with substantial risks, including significant morbidity, mortality, and a decline in functional capacity. Frailty, which is frequently observed even in younger HSCT and CAR-T recipients, significantly influences a person’s eligibility for cellular therapies and adversely affects treatment outcomes. Whilst exercise interventions have shown promise in improving frailty and frailty-related health outcomes, no extensive meta-analytic studies have explored its effects on patients undergoing cellular therapies. The results of this review aim to provide clarity and recommendations for clinicians for better patient care. Review Objective To evaluate whether exercise improves frailty of people with haematologic malignancy undergoing cellular therapies.