Meta-analysis of different endocrine factors intervention on pregnancy outcome in patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion

Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA), defined as two or more consecutive pregnancy losses before 20–24 weeks of gestation, represents a significant clinical and psychological burden. Endocrine dysfunctions such as progesterone insufficiency, thyroid disorders, and insulin resistance are frequently implicated in early pregnancy failure. This project aims to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of different endocrine interventions on pregnancy outcomes in women with recurrent spontaneous abortion. Outcomes of interest include live birth rate, clinical pregnancy rate, and miscarriage rate. The study follows internationally recognized methodological standards for evidence synthesis, including PRISMA guidelines, and is intended to support evidence-based clinical decision-making in obstetrics and reproductive medicine.