Ball Lightning 2.0: A Pattern-Stability Framework for Artificial Realization via External Environmental Control

Artificial realization of ball lightning has long been considered a highly challenging experimental task, often attributed to the intrinsic complexity and elusive microscopic mechanisms within the phenomenon. Existing experiments typically focus on replicating possible internal mechanisms of natural ball lightning, such as high-energy discharges, microwave-induced plasma, or chemical reaction networks, but they generally face issues of extremely short lifetimes and poor reproducibility. This study proposes a framework distinct from conventional approaches: artificial ball lightning is treated as a self-organized electromagnetic-plasma pattern that only enters and persists under specific combinations of external environmental parameters. In this framework, the core objective is not to precisely replicate the internal microstructure of natural ball lightning, but to construct an external environment capable of locking the system into the attractor basin of this pattern. The use of the concept of attractor basin for ball lightning is considered as a necessary part in preparation of the artificial realization of ball lightning. Systematic analyses are presented regarding external electromagnetic fields, medium conditions, boundary structures, energy fluxes, and perturbation suppression mechanisms, thereby clarifying the complementary relationship between internal microscopic models and external mode stabilization.