Scoping Review of Implementation Barriers and Facilitating Factors of Early Mobilization in Mechanically Ventilated Patients

Abstract Objective: To conduct a scoping review of studies on the implementation barriers and facilitating factors of early mobilization in mechanically ventilated patients, systematically sort out the types of implementation barriers, dimensions of facilitating factors, research characteristics, and outcome indicators, so as to provide reference for formulating standardized implementation plans for early mobilization in mechanically ventilated patients.Methods: According to the scoping review methodology, systematic searches were performed in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, SinoMed, Wanfang Database, and VIP Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database. The search period was from the establishment of each database to December 31, 2025. Two researchers independently screened and analyzed the retrieved literature, and the third researcher was consulted for decision-making in case of doubts.Results: A total of 9 studies were included, involving 1124 mechanically ventilated patients. Literature collation revealed that the implementation barriers of early mobilization mainly included three categories: cognitive level, resource level, and collaboration and management level; the facilitating factors covered four dimensions: multidisciplinary collaboration model, standardized implementation plan, comprehensive support system, and patient participation incentives; outcome indicators included the implementation rate of early mobilization, incidence of adverse events, duration of mechanical ventilation, etc.Conclusion: Early mobilization has important value in improving the prognosis of mechanically ventilated patients, but it faces multiple barriers during implementation. In the future, it is necessary to construct personalized implementation strategies combined with patient characteristics and clinical practice to improve the standardization and effectiveness of early mobilization. Keywords mechanical ventilation; early mobilization; implementation barriers; facilitating factors; scoping review