Search Strategy

The search strategy for this scoping review will follow the three-step search process recommended by the Joanna Briggs Institute. In the first step, an initial limited search of MEDLINE (via PubMed) and Embase will be undertaken. The text words contained in the titles and abstracts of retrieved articles, as well as the index terms used to describe these articles, will be analyzed. In the second step, a full search will be conducted across all selected databases using all identified keywords and index terms. The databases to be searched will include MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, LILACS, Web of Science Core Collection, Scopus, and BIOSIS Previews (if available). In the third step, the reference lists of all sources selected for full-text review will be screened for additional relevant studies. Citation tracking of included studies will also be performed. In addition to database searching, gray literature will be sought through ProQuest Dissertations, OpenGrey, and preprint servers such as bioRxiv and medRxiv (screened for relevance). Handsearching of reference lists and forward citation searching will be conducted to identify any further eligible studies. Where appropriate, the reviewers will contact authors of primary studies or reviews for additional information or clarification of data. There will be no restrictions on language or publication date. This full strategy is provided in the appendix of this protocol.